![]() For practical reasons mutations are usually detected by changes in phenotype per unit of time indicated as cell generations ( 1) or days ( 2). The rate of mutation is the probability that a given base pair or a larger region of DNA changes with time. confined to one base pair or involve multiple base pairs including deletion, addition, amplification and recombination. Mutations are changes in the nucleotide sequence of DNA. Measuring the rate of mutation by direct sequencing of genes does not require ascertaining a phenotype and can be applied to any area of the genome in a cell. To accomplish this, we determined the average number of mutations per position in each DNA length sequenced from the proportion of the non-mutated positions, according to the Poisson process and/or the Taylor series. We propose a strategy to determine the rate of mutation of a gene by limited direct sequencing of a few single cells of a defined lineage. Direct sequencing overcomes the limitations imposed by phenotypic analysis but is limited by the extensive number of clones or cells that have to be analyzed in fluctuation or mutant accumulation assays. However, only a few phenotypic changes indicative of mutations are known thus limiting the analysis to those rare genes. Fluctuation analysis or mutant accumulation assays applied to phenotypic changes measure mutation rates of cells. The rate of mutation refers to the probability that a unit length of DNA (generally a base pair) mutates with time. ![]()
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